Fibronectin: structure, functions, clinical significance (review)

Plasma fibronectin is a high molecular weight adhesive glycoprotein. There are two types of fibronectin: plasma (soluble) and cellular derived (insoluble). Electron microscopy revealed structural organization compact expanded. In solution, has conformation, after binding to certain substrates (collagen, fibrin, heparin), it one the main opsonins blood in relation “targets” phagocytosis predominantly non-bacterial nature, as well some bacteria. For treatment septic processes, respiratory distress syndrome adults with severe deficiency, cryoprecipitate used – donor preparation containing large amount (more than 2 mg/ml). It was proposed replenish level patients sepsis other conditions that cause deficiency help freshly frozen plasma. Transfusion volumes (up 1000–1500 ml) effectively eliminates fibronectin. The concentration significantly decreases addition infectious processes hematological diseases, acute DIC syndrome. Extracorporeal methods purification selective plasmapheresis have been developed correct immunocomplex fibronectin-complex pathology. Two variants proposed: method heparinocryoprecipitation proteins heparinocryofractionation. 1987, heparin precipitate source for trophic skin lesions. 1992, new obtaining preparations from themselves (heparin cryofractionation). Autofibronectin obtained by such effective local ulcers 90–93% cases. drugs safe against infection diseases transmitted through blood.